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- NATION, Page 31Did Noriega Slip Over the Edge?
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- When he was told by an American journalist in 1988 that he
- was "the most hated man in the United States," Manuel Antonio
- Noriega preened with pleasure. "Do they really hate me even more
- than Gaddafi?" he asked. Yes, he was assured, even more than
- Gaddafi. Noriega laughed.
-
- It was just that cocksure quality, combined with cunning
- and ruthlessness, that enabled Panama's leader to face down
- repeated U.S. challenges over the past 2 1/2 years. But in the
- days leading up to the U.S. invasion, Noriega seemed to slide
- into recklessness, as if he were deliberately trying to provoke
- his own doom. First his handpicked assembly declared that a
- "state of war" existed with the U.S. and installed Noriega as
- Panama's "Maximum Leader." Then he sat back while his troops
- shot a U.S. Marine and abducted and abused a Navy lieutenant and
- his wife. Noriega could not have handed his American adversaries
- a better pretext for invasion.
-
- Noriega's increasingly bombastic language and his
- trigger-happy troops may have been indications that events were
- spinning out of control in Panama, forcing him to extremes. But
- other evidence suggested that the dictator was losing control
- of himself: U.S. troops searching his various hideouts found,
- along with pictures of Adolf Hitler, collections of pornography
- and sophisticated weapons and more than 50 kilos of cocaine. In
- one Noriega guesthouse, searchers found a bucket of blood and
- entrails, which they said may have been used for occult rites
- to protect him. Was the accused drug trafficker deteriorating
- into a megalomaniac drug user?
-
- Evidence of his erratic behavior first emerged after an
- aborted coup attempt against him in March 1988. Reports
- circulated that Noriega had taken to the bottle and occasionally
- drank himself into a stupor. In the months after he violently
- halted last May's presidential election, Noriega -- perhaps
- prudently -- saw himself as a marked man. He refused to sleep
- in the same place on consecutive nights and, as a precaution
- against being poisoned, ate only food prepared by his
- girlfriend's mother.
-
- Following the second failed coup attempt last October,
- Noriega rounded up dozens of officers for imprisonment or
- execution, deepening tensions in the barracks. In public, he
- sometimes appeared drunk and showed the telltale signs of
- cocaine abuse. Noriega supporters say that in December, in the
- wake of reports that Bush had authorized a new covert plan to
- oust him, the general sank into a deep depression. Under
- mounting pressure, trusting no one, he was fatalistic about his
- chances of surviving his confrontation with the U.S.
-
- Many American officials feel that a fitting coda to
- Noriega's infamous career would be his capture and extradition
- to the U.S. to stand trial on the 15 drug-related and
- money-laundering charges handed down by federal grand juries in
- Tampa and Miami in February 1988. But to convict Noriega,
- prosecutors would have to rely largely on the testimony of two
- convicted felons who traded their stories for plea bargains.
- Moreover, Noriega's long association with the CIA could block
- any successful prosecution. His lawyers are certain to demand
- access to classified material that the Government will be
- reluctant to release, a tactic that has proved successful in the
- Iran-contra trials. Warns Richard Gregorie, a former assistant
- U.S. attorney in Miami: "(Noriega) would be entitled to say that
- he was getting his money from the CIA, and would request
- documents to prove it."
-
- First, however, Noriega must be found. At week's end a
- State Department official said Deputy Assistant Secretary of
- State Michael Kozak had traveled to Panama to advise the Endara
- government and try to negotiate Noriega's surrender. One of the
- general's American lawyers, Raymond Takiff, predicts that will
- never happen. "I feel unhappily secure in my belief that he
- will be killed," Takiff says. "He will not be captured."
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